Gigahertz does not precisely tell you how quickly a CPU gets work done, but it is roughly correlated. Gigahertz is a measure of speed, very roughly the rate that at a CPU can do its simplest operation per second. One gigahertz is 1 billion cycles per second (a megahertz is a million cycles per second). Gigabyte used to be an exotic term too, until Moore's law made it common. You can buy 4 TB hard drives today, so we are beginning the time when this term comes in to common use. One terabyte (TB) is about 1000 gigabytes, or roughly 1 trillion bytes. Fun fact: the whole spiral on a CD is over 5km long. Imagine that each pit is interpreted as a 0, and the lack of a pit is a 1 as the spiral sequence is read. The series of bits are represented as spiral path of tiny pits in the silver material in the disk. The audio on a CD is not compressed, which is why it takes so much more space than the MP3. We'll talk about how compression works later. Audio and image and video data typically stored in "compressed" form, MP3 being an example. The rule of thumb for MP3 audio is that 1 minute of audio takes up about 1 megabyte. An MP3 audio file of a few minutes or a 10 million pixel image from a digital camera would typically take up few megabytes. One megabyte is about 1 million bytes (or about 1000 kilobytes). A high quality digital picture is about 2-5 megabytes.MP3 audio is about 1 megabyte per minute.In non-roman alphabets, such as Mandarin, the storage takes up 2 or 4 bytes per "letter" which is still pretty compact compared to audio and images. Text is one of the most naturally compact types of data at about one byte required to store each letter. A typical short email would also take up just 1 or 2 kilobytes. A page of ordinary Roman alphabetic text takes about 2 kilobytes to store (about one byte per letter). One kilobyte (KB) is a collection of about 1000 bytes. Text is compact, requiring few bytes compared to images or sound or video.see below for why the phrase "about 1 thousand" is required here As we know, 1 byte is one typed character.
In this section, we'll look at common sizes you would see in real life and learn how to reason about various numbers of bytes. The size of information in the computer is measured in kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, and terabytes.
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